What Is Scoliosis?
Scoliosis is a condition characterized by an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine by >10°. While a healthy spine appears straight when viewed from the back, a spine with scoliosis curves to the side, forming an “S” or “C” shape.
1. Types of Scoliosis
- Idiopathic Scoliosis: The most common type, with no identifiable cause, often appearing in adolescence.
- Congenital Scoliosis: Caused by congenital bony anomaly of the vertebrae resulting in abnormal growth.
- Neuromuscular Scoliosis: Associated with neurological conditions like cerebral palsy or muscular dystrophy.
- Degenerative Scoliosis: Develops in older adults due to spinal degeneration.
2. Symptoms of Scoliosis
- Uneven shoulders or hips
- Visible curvature of the spine
- Asymmetrical trunk appearence
- Back pain, particularly in adults
- Difficulty breathing in severe cases due to deformity chest and restriction of pulmonary function.
3. Treatment Options
- Observation: For milder cases that doesn’t progress over time.
- Bracing: May halt curve progression in growing children.
- Surgery: Spinal surgery is recommended for advanced cases to prevent the progression of the deformity, and achieve correction of the curve.
4. Why Early Detection Is Important
Early diagnosis can help manage scoliosis effectively, preventing complications and improving quality of life. Regular screenings, especially in children, are crucial.
